Hoffman, Paul, The Vienesse: Splendor, Twilight, and Exile (New York Anchor Press, 1988) ![]() The Siege of Vienna plan | Sobieskis biography. Jan III Sobieski was not only looked upon as the savior of Vienna, but as a savior of the whole Europe from the Ottoman Turks. The King and his Polish army had won lots of fame after their victory. This victory freed Europe from the Ottoman Turks and their invasions and secured Christianity as the main religion in all of Europe.Īfter the Battle Jan Sobieski entered Vienna in glory. Even so, the Turkish army suffered heavy losses. Sobieski with his husaria charged toward Kara Mustafa's headquarters and seeing this, Mustafa's army fled in panic. Sobieski and his husaria, which is Polish heavy cavalry, alongside with the cooperation of all army, played an important role in the victory. When he ordered full attack, he completely surprised Kara Mustafa. Sobieski planned to attack on the 13th of September, but he had noticed that the Turkish resistance was weak. Upon reaching Vienna, he joined up with the Austrians and Germans. Sobieski said that his purpose for going to Vienna was "to proceed to the Holy War, and with God's help to give back the old freedom to besieged Vienna, and thereby help wavering Christendom." Following his agreement in the treaty and the appeal of the pope, Sobieski marched to Vienna with an army of about 30,000 men. In this treaty, it was agreed to come to one's aid if the Turks attacked either Krakow or Vienna. The Turks had made some breaches in the walls but their effort was hindered by the barricades erected by the people of Vienna.Įarlier that year on March 31, 1683, King John III had signed the Treaty of Warsaw with the Holy Roman Emperor Leopold. The defenders fought bravely but their food supply and their ammunition were growing low. One of the disadvantages that the Turks had was that they did not have sufficient heavy artillery. By June, they had invaded Austria, and King Leopold and his court fled to Passau. Since about March the Turks were preparing for an attack on the Hapsburg capital, Vienna, and were gathering their forces together rather rapidly. He was also a patriot of Poland and always wanted the best for his country. Sobieski was an intelligent, talented, and a brave man. This was after the death of King Michael Wisniowiecki the previous year, on November 10. On May 21, 1674, Sobieski was elected king as John III by the Diet. The opposing forces were led by Jan Sobieski. The Turkish forces were led by the Grand Vizier Kara Mustafa, an ambitious man, but who wasn't a very good general judging by the number of battles he had lost. ![]() The Battle of Vienna was mainly fought by the Turks, with about 15,000 Tatars on their side, against a less numerous combination of Polish, German, and Austrian forces. ![]() The outcome of this battle would have a profound effect on the future of Eastern, if not of all, Europe. One of the most important battles of the 17th century was the battle of Vienna, which was fought on September 12, 1683.
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